Fluid motor or pump.



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FLUID MOTOR'OR PUMP. APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, I913.

Patented Apr. 10

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FLUID MOTOR OR PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR. vs, 1913.

Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

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5] I400 nto'o W4; W200 w M n'oeusr s a ELEVATOR COMP Kl OFHASTINGS-UPON-H'UDSON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 OTIS A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

FLUID MOTOR OF, PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. to, teat.

Application filed. April19,1913. Serial no. 762,215.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST SUNDH, a citizen of the United States,residing in Hastings-upon-Hudson, in the county of Westchester and Stateof New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in F luid'Motors or Pumps, of which the foltained pump having straight linepistons and cylinders.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a double actingmultiple cylinder pump which will operate over a widerange of speed withlittle or no friction of moving parts.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novelcombinations of elements being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents in elevation a pump containing anembodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1,- Fig.3 is an end section view of Fig. 2 taken on the line 3 -3; Fig. 4 is asimilar sectional view of Fig. 2 taken on theline 44; Fig. 5 is a crosssectional view of Fig. 2 taken on the line 5-5; Figs. 6 and 7 are detailviews of certain. parts shown in Fig. 2; Figs. 8 and 9 are fragmentaryside sectional vlews taken on the lines 8-8 and 99, respectively of Fig.3; Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are diagrammatic views showing the operation ofthe pistons and valves.

Like reference characters denote similar parts in all of the figures.- 1

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings accompanying this specification itwill be seen that the pump comprises a cylindrical casing made in. twohalves or barrels 10 and 11,

pistons or plungers such as 18, 19, 20, 21 and half of the casing andarranged in axial alinement with each other. Since these plungers areall alike, and operate in a similar manner, a description of one of themwill answer for all. Each of the plungers, such as 18, is flattened inthe middle on diametrically opposite sides (see Fig. 7) and to thisflattened portion 25 is secured a yoke 26, by means'of a pin 27 or othersuitable fastening. The yoke 26 is carried by a boss 27 formed in thedisk or tilting head 28, and is hushed therein by a removableanti-friction bushing 29, 'in which the yoke has a smallsliding'movement. The tilting head 28 is split through the center lineof the yoke bushing, and the split parts are fastened together by anumber of bolts such as 32. The tilting head is supported upon a pair ofcollars 33, and 34, which loosely surround the shaft 14 and are held inproper position thereon by means of the bearing balls 38 and a hardenedsteel collar 35., This collar is clamped between a collar 37 turned inthe shaft and a sleeve 36, which latter is secured in place by means ofa nut 39' (see Fig. 2)." The circumference of the-collars 33 and 34 isturned spherical as is the coacting inner circumference of the tiltinghead, so that the latter may be tilted upon the collars without tendingto displace the latter from their proper position on the shaft. Theright hand end of the tilting head extends outwardly in the form of acircular shell 39, the inner circumference of which carries a hardenedsteel ball race 40, which is clamped against movement by a securingmember or ring 44. A hardened steel collar 42 is arranged concentricwith the ball race 40 and a double row of bearing balls such as 41 areplaced therebetween. The collar 42 is carried upon and slotted into awedge 43 which is carried in a slot in the shaft 14, and arranged tohave a bodily movement therein in the direction of the axis of the shaftonly. As shown in Fig.5, the wedgefis made-in two pieces, so that it maybe assembled on the shaft, and its shape wedge in the slotted shaft. Theyoke 47 is pivoted at 48, and is operatively connected to a travelingnut 49, which latter may be moved in any desired direction by means of ascrew 50 and connected hand wheel 51. It will be observed that the ballrace 40 is ipherical in form, while the ball races rmed on the peripheryof the collar 42 comprise two parallel grooves, the arrangement beingsuch that the'balls will always run true without binding even though thehead 28 be tilted through various angles with respect to the shaft. Bymeans of the hand wheel 51, the wedge 43 may be moved along the slot inthe shaft and held in adjusted position against any possibility ofmovement. When the wedge occupies an intermediate position in the slot,the axis of the tilting head coincides with the axis of the shaft andthe tilting head assumes the position-shown in Fig. 2, with the collar42 concentric with the shaft. When, however,

the wedge is moved in a. left hand-direction lying between the centerlines a and b. If

the wedge be in the position shown in Fig. 2 and the axis of the yokes,such as 26, be perpendicular or at right angles to that of the shaft andthe latter be revolved, it will be observed that no motion whatever isimparted to the tilting head, and plungers,

since the collar 42 is concentric with the axisof the shaft. If thewedge be moved to the extreme left such as is shown in Fig. 6, and theshaft be rotated, the tilting head will oscillate upon the. collars 33and 34, which oscillatory movement will obviously cause all of theplungers to reciprocate in their respective cylinders. The wedge may beadjusted into any desired position with respect to the slot in theshaft,'while the shaft is rotating, and in this manner the stroke of theplungers may be varied at will from a maximum stroke to any desiredstroke, and by centering the wedge and tilting head, the

. shaft may continu to rotate without effecting the slightest movementof the plungers.

Referring again to Fig. 2, it will be seen I that av web or partition 52is formed in the casing 10 and this web forms an intermediate bearingfor the shaft, which comprises the balls 53 andthe co-acting ball racescarried upon the shaft and web, respectively.

When the tilting head is tilted to one side or the other and theplungers are pumping It will be noted seen that between the cylindersare 9.

against a head or pressure, it is obvious that the head will exert athrust lengthwise of the shaft. This thrust is transmitted through thebearing balls 38 to the shaft, and the thrust on the shaft is receivedby the thrust bearings 54 and 55, which bear against the right hand endof the casing 11, and the web or partition 52, respectively. that bothof these thrust bearings 54 and 55 are self alining, in that one of thefaces of the ball races of each bearing is spherical in form and bearsagainst a similar spherical shaped recess in the casing and web,respectively, so that even though the shaft be slightly out of alinementor should it spring a trifle under heavy load, the hearings will performtheir proper duty under any and all conditions of speed and load met inpractice.

Having described the method of operating the plungers and for varyingtheir stroke, I will now point out the valve apparatus and the method inwhich the device acts asa pump.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, it will lbe P rality of fluid passagessuch as 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60, which extend completelythrough bothhalves, 10 and 11, of the casing, and these passages serve to conveyfluid from the cylinders, in the casing 11 to the valve apparatus. Theright hand head 13 of the casing 11 contains cored ports such as 61, 62,63, 64 and 65, which connect the right hand cylinders containing theplungers 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 with the passages 56, 57,

.58, 59 and 60, respectively. Each of these passages, such as thelowermost one designated' by 58, contains a bushing or lining 66 whichforms a fluid-tight passage leading from one end of the casing to theother and the left hand end of each passage is closed by a screw-plugsuch as 67. Each of the sleeves contains a port such as 69 which isconnected by a cored passa e such as 68 through a port 70 in the ho lowplug 71 (see Fig. 2), and by a port, such as 72, to

the valve apparatus. The arrangement of the sleeves 66, ports 69, andpassages 68 is symmetrical, and the construction is likewise similar ineach case. The plugs 71 and ports 70 and 72 associated with thecylinders 24 in the casing 10 are in like manner similar in everyrespect as also are ports such as 74 which are arranged in each of thecylinders 24.

The rotary valve which controls the flow of fluid to and from theplurality of cylinders will now be described. This valve is located inthe cylindrical space between the head 16 of casin 11, and the web 52,and comprises a hub 5 which is rigidly secured to the shaft 14 by meansof a key 76 or other suitable fastening means. ,Spokes such as 77radiate from this hub, and carry the sides of the head 12 and web 52,respec- .tively,and areof the same diameter as that of the Valve chamberin which they rotate.

A flange 81 is located at equal distances from the side flanges 79 and80, and is of the same diameter as 'said side flanges. Other flangessuch as 82 and 83 are'located on either slde of the center flange 81,thereby forming four valve chambers, and they are inclined withrespectthereto as shown in Fig. 2. These latter flanges are providedwith lugs 84, 84, whichare for the purpose of insuring .a quick openingand closing of the various ports at the proper moment. Two pipes 85 and87 are located at the-top of the casing 10, and one of them,

the pipe 85, is connected by a passage on port 86 to the valve chamberslocated on either side of the center vertical flange 81, while theother, the pipe 87, is connected by a chamber or passage 88, havingports89 and 90 leading into the valve chambers located on the left and righthand sides of the inclined flanges 81 and 83, respectively (see Figs. 8and. 9).

It will be observed that the rotary valve is in effect a double ortwo-part. valve, in that one part controlsthe fluid passing to and fromthe cylinders 23, while the other part controls the fluid in a similarmanner for the cylinders 24. The passages 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60 conveythe; fluid from the cylinders 23 to the opposite end of the pump casing,and thus the entire valve apparatus may be located at one end of thepump, whicharrangement simplifies the valve con- 'struction to a largeextent, and reduces the tendency for leakage, while at the same time itenables the pump to be much more compact than it otherwise would be andeliminates a complex system of pipe connections as well as reducing thefriction of rotating parts to a minimum.

Having pointed out the construction of a pump containing an embodimentof, my invention, I will now take up its operation. It has already beenshown that by rotating the shaft. 14 andconnected parts, with the tilt:

ing head in tilted position, the plungers will reciprocate in theirrespective cylinders with a stroke depending on the inclination oramount of tilt of the tilting. headpwhichtilt may be adjusted andcontrolled between predetermined'limits bythehandwh'eel 51 andmaintained constant at any desired degree of. tilt.

Referring to, Fig. 10, wherein :the tilting head occupies a neutralposition with its-r axis coincidingwith the axis of the shaft, it willbe seen thatfla rotationof the shaft in' either direction'will merelyrotate the valve.

without in any way effecting a reciprocating angle represented by theangle subtended by the lines a and 0, and the shaft be rotated in adirection so as to bring the parts in the position shown in Fig. 11, theplunger 18 moving from right to left, the suction set up in the.cylinder 23 by the plunger 18 will cause fluid to flow from the pipe 87through the valve chamber located between the flanges 79 and 82,throughthe port 72, hollow plug 71, port 70, passage 56, cored port 61,and into the cylinder 23. The opposite end of the plunger will compressfluid in the cylinder 24, and force it through the port 74, into thevalve chamber located between the flanges 81 and 83, through the passage86, and out of the pipe 85. :If the shaft be rotated through 180 and theplunger 18 be moving in the opposite direction as shown in Fig. 12, thefluid flow is reversed, but,

the other half of the valve controls the por 74 leading to the cylinders24.

The action of the other plungers is exactly similar to that of the onejust described since the valve and the plungers must operate insynchronism with the rotation of the shaft. That is to say if the valveis arranged so as to take care of one set of cylinders and theirplungers-such as the cylinders 23 and 24 and plungers 18- of Figs. 11and 12, when the shaft is revolved one fifth of a revolution or through7 2.9, the valve will take up the same position with respect to thecylinders adjacent the cylinders 23 and 24 as shown in connection withthe latter cylinders, providing the cylinders are of the same number asshown and provided they are symmetrically disposed about the axis of theshaft and ar- I vice versa; This feature is of decided merit where it isdesired to maintain the rotation of'the shaft at constant speed by aprime mover. or motor such. asan alternating current motor. The shaftmay thus berunning continuously in one direction and the pump be madetocease pumping altogether or to hand wheel 51.

. Any number of cylinders. and co-acting pistons or plungers may beused, andI have shown a ten cylinder pump since that arrangement makes avery satisfactory arrangement both as regards the capacity of the pumpand as regards the mechanical structure of the same. With a ten cylinderpump at least five cylinders will be compressing, while five are undersuction except for the instant when oneof the'plungers is passing thedead center or having its direction of movement reversed.

The valve is balanced against lateral pressure as an inspection of Figs.11 and 12 will show, and hence no thrust is placed upon the shaft byreason of the action of the fluid in the valve chambers. The thrust setup in the shaft 14 by the reaction of pressure upon the tilting head istaken up by the bearing balls 38, 38, and the ball bearings 54 and 55,so that little or no friction is induced by a thrust action. In fact theanti-friction bearings throughout the pump are arranged to take care ofsubstantially all friction of moving parts in so far as it is possibleor practical so to do. The casing may contain a quantity of oil or othersuitable lubricant, which will be distributed by splash to all of theinterior working parts of the pump. The entire pump mechanism isinclosed against the possible entry of dirt or foreign matter, and withall parts working in a copious bath of oil the action of the pump inservice will be absolutely noiseless and without vibration, since allreciprocating and rotary parts are in perfect balance. The entire pumpmechanism is readily accessible for inspection or repair and the onlyvisible moving 'part in view is the end of the shaft 14.

Whilethe apparatus herein disclosed is particularly adapted for a pumpof great power and capacity occupying a minimum amount of space, thesame may be used as a fluid ressure motor, and, as such will retain all0 the inherent good qualities of the apparatus, the latter being presentwhether the device be called upon to function as a pump or a motor. I

I wish not to be limited to the particular construction herein shown, asvarious changes in the details of constructionand I arrangement of partsmight obviously be made without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention.

What I claim is new, and desire to have protected by Letters Patent ofthe United States is 1. In a pump, a casing, a shaft adapted 2. In apump, a casing, a shaft arranged in fixed relation to the.

for rotation in the casing, a plurality of cylinders axially andsymmetrically disposed about said shaft and in fixed relation to thecasing, plungers in the cylinders, a non-rotatable member carried inbearings on the shaft and connected to the plungers, means for effectingan oscillatorymovement of said member when the shaft is rotated, andmeans comprising an adjustable eccentric driven from the shaft forvarying the degree ofoscillatory movement of said member independentlyof the shaft to effect a variable length of'stroke of said plungers.

3. In a pump, a casing, a shaft arranged to rotate in the casing, aplurality of cylinders axially and symmetrically disposed about saidshaft and infixed relation to the casing, plungers in thecylinders, atilting head connected to said plungers and ada ted to be tilted withrespect to said shaft, a wedge associated with said head and shaft forvarying the angle of tilt of said head whereby the rotation of the shaftwill effect a reciprocation of said plungers by the said head, and meansfor varying the position of said wedge to control the length of strokeof the plungers.

4. In a pump, a casing, a shaft arranged to rotate in the casing, aplurality of cylinders axially and symmetrically disposed about saidshaft and-in fixed relation to the casing, plungers in the cylinders, atilting head having a sliding connection with said plungers and adaptedto be tilted with respect to the shaft, a wedge associated with saidhead and shaft for varying the angle of tilt of said head, and means forchanging the position of the wedge to vary the length of stroke of theplungers independently of the shaft. 1

' In testimony whereof, I'have signed my

